I have a similar problem while at work. I am not going to the effort to provide a screenshot of what the secure page looks like, to put. I will describe what it simplylooks like, the page does not fully load, which basically means requirerequired content is being blocked by the network. What content is loaded, when interacted with, does nothing.
I found if I copied the following URL I am able to log into Superuser. I don't have a work aroundURL for any other Stackexchange website. This URL will only work if your Stackexchange account is connected to your Google Account and uses your Google Account OAuthentication.