It seems that we have hundreds of questions about recovering deleted files or partitions under Windows, but none of them in a really good format for Super User. Most of them degraded into the typical endless list of answers suggesting one application without giving context. The most popular ones have already been deleted for those reasons.
But recovering is more than that, I guess. All these answers just suggesting to use software don't go beyond the obvious and leave many questions open.
We need a canonical question that deals with recovering files or even whole partitions. Maybe something like this one here: What's the proper way to prepare chroot to recover a broken Linux installation?
If anybody is up to it, let's hear some ideas. Oh, and I'll also offer a nice bounty on the best answer!
Or do we already have such a question and I've missed it?