At my company we have some restrictions and a strong firewall that has lots of protection. I do not know all of the rules and security policies that has been made.

I noticed some changes in the log in on this site recently, since than I am no longer able to log in to Super User, nor StackExchange.

I only have a StackExchange account.

When trying to log in from StackExchange, the only options that appear are:
click here to sign up and enter your OpenID.

From the Super User login window, everything seems to appear but the Login buton is inactive (the other login options act the same - including the facebook and google login). I can press it, but nothing happens.

My question is:
How can I troubleshoot this and get a workaround?

Note: I have local administrator account but I do not have access to the domain. I am using internet-explorer. Also I would prefer fixing the problem myself (if possible) instead of contacting the department who made the security policy.

EDIT: To the person migrating this post - I do not want to discuss anything. This post is not about discussion. I need straight answers and troubleshooting. My browser seems not to work well with https and I need ideas how to find out what is going on.