At my company we have some restrictions and a strong firewall that has lots of protection. I do not know all of the rules and security policies that has been made.

I noticed some changes in the log in on this site recently, since than I am no longer able to log in to Super User, nor StackExchange.

I only have a StackExchange account.

When trying to log in from StackExchange, the only options that appear are:
click here to sign up and enter your OpenID.

From the Super User login window, everything seems to appear but the Login buton is inactive (the other login options act the same - including the facebook and google login). I can press it, but nothing happens.

My question is:
How can I troubleshoot this and get a workaround?

Note: I have local administrator account but I do not have access to the domain. I am using internet-explorer. Also I would prefer fixing the problem myself (if possible) instead of contacting the department who made the security policy.

EDIT:
As I was suggested that my previous edit was offensive, I try to compose it in other words,
I posted this question to the SuperUser section because I was expecting solutions Q&A style, corresponding to the rules of SuperUser.

I still think that it belongs there but since 5 people voted so, it was migrated to meta. According to the rules of meta, this post became a discussion instead of what I wanted it to become.

However it is being treated unlike a discussion and even some partial solutions have been found.

I still disagree with the migration and I suggest replacing it to its original location as it corresponds to the rules of SuperUser and has nothing to do with the meta.