The answer in question which sparked this train of thought off.
Links in general
The guidelines on links in the help centre are pretty clear:
Provide context for links
Links to external resources are encouraged, but please add context around the link so your fellow users will have some idea what it is and why it’s there. Always quote the most relevant part of an important link, in case the target site is unreachable or goes permanently offline.
To me this says "if there's a link, it better have some summary or information about it in the question/answer"; and that is that on which I've based any suggestions to include info as a good practice.
Links for further information / additional info / tangential matters
How much 'context' or quoting is needed for a link to a resource that is useful in relation to an answer (or question), but not strictly necessary? That is, the answer (/question) already has at least the minimum pertinent information, but someone adds a link to a resource which gives information related to or beyond that.
For example, something along the lines of:
Doing XYZ to ABC will allow you to frob your widget as requested.
If you are using widgets, you may find information on the best way to do other things with your widget [widget.wiki] helpful.
would this provide sufficient context? If the link later dies; it could be updated, or replaced with an archive.org link as appropriate.
On the other hand, if the link goes down (which I would guess is the hidden assumption behind the help centre advice above) and the information isn't needed for the answer; it's arguably superfluous. Tangential information may be better suited to a comment?
Is there a grey area? A link to official documentation on 'widget-related matters' for an answer might seem more relevant and stable than a link to a forum post detailing how someone worked around some 'common widget problems'.
So, how much should be added for a link on a related matter in a question/answer?
Context, quote and/or information? A brief note of what it is in the link text only? I can conceive of valid arguments in both directions.